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HOW CAN I MAXIMIZE MY VISIT TO THE DOCTOR?
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Here are some strategies you can use to make the most of your doctor's appointment: On the day of your appointment, have a second set of ears by bringing along a family member or spouse. Also prepare a list of your symptoms – when they started, how they've changed, what makes them better or worse, medications you've taken, et cetera. Make sure to ask for printed materials about your condition or planned treatment. If you don't understand what the doctor has told you about your condition, medication or planned procedure, ask questions until you do. If you are still not satisfied, seek care from another physician. After the visit, write down your thoughts and discuss the matter with a trusted individual. This allows you to become clearer about what was discussed and may allow you to formulate future questions. If you have tests ordered, don't wait for the results. Scheduling an appointment just to find out the results of a test allows you not only to personally meet with the doctor and to learn what was found, but also to ask what future alternative examinations may be required.
Howard Kotler, MD, FACS, specialist, Ear, Nose and Throat, and Otolaryngology, Mercy Hospital & Medical Center
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HOW IS HEART DISEASE DIFFERENT IN WOMEN THAN IN MEN?
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There are important differences between heart disease in men and women. Women have smaller hearts and blood vessels, fewer heart attacks before menopause and are less likely to have typical heart related chest pain. Women also more commonly have chest pain syndromes with normal coronary arteries, perhaps reflecting problems with the function of the lining of the blood vessel. However, while there are real biological differences between heart disease in men and women, the more important point is that women, like men, are dying unnecessarily of heart disease. There are some key things that both genders can do to reduce their risk of a heart attack or stroke, such as knowing your cholesterol, blood pressure and weight. Eating well is also a great defense against heart disease. Strive for a low-fat diet containing poultry and fish, and avoid fast food and saturated fats. Finally, get moving! Set a goal to exercise at least four times a week for a minimum of 20 to 30 minutes. For more information, visit the American Heart Association at www.americanheart.org.
Stephen L. Archer, MD, Chief Section of Cardiology, University of Chicago
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IS THERE A SECRET TO LIVING TO 100 YEARS OLD?
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Centenarians have been studied for keys to longevity and well-being. Typically, these individuals engage in healthy eating patterns, exercise, sleep well, take vitamins, do not smoke and drink less alcohol. In addition, the following tips have been shown to influence graceful aging: First, challenge your mind. Mental exercise is important; higher brain activity and new learning causes growth and connections among the cells that resist brain aging. Second, stay friendly and social. Positive social relationships are associated with better overall health. Make sure you don't let stress get to you. Centenarians have lived through trying historical times, but when questioned about these periods, they say, 'I didn't let it get me down.' And remember to stay positive in attitude. Research conducted on the Ohio Longitudinal Study of Aging and Retirement found that people who had more positive views of their own aging lived 7.6 years longer than people with more negative views.
Mia M. Gregor, Psy.D, Clinical Psychologist, The Center for Personal Development
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Compiled by Rebecca Michuda